Significance analysis of influencing factors of energy-saving and carbon-reduction in office buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone based on carbon reduction goals: A case study of an office bui

In order to better adapt to the new situation of carbon peak and carbon neutrality development, building energy efficiency has evolved from the initial and development stages to an improvement stage aimed at achieving near-zero energy consumption and low-carbon buildings. This study aims to explore the technical priorities of various energy-saving measures under the goal of reducing carbon emissions during the building operation phase. Taking a typical office building in Zhejiang Province, which is located in hot summer and cold winter zone, as the research object, an orthogonal analysis of eight energy-saving related influencing factors is conducted. The results indicate that the changes of window-to-wall ratio, lighting power density, heat transfer coefficient of roofs, overall shading coefficient of external windows, heat transfer coefficient of external walls, and energy efficiency of cooling system have a more significant impact on the operational carbon reduction rate. In the energy-saving improvement stage of buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone, compared to the development stage, the window-to-wall ratio optimization, shading optimization, lighting design optimization, and energy efficiency improvement of cooling and air conditioning systems deserve more attention than the thermal optimization of external windows, external walls and roofs.